It is an area of high endemism where species have been conserved since the end of the Pleistocene (22 to 13 thousand years ago).the end of the Pleistocene (between 22 to 13 thousand years ago). In this period everything was ice-covered except for a few islands of vegetation that shrank over time. shrunk with the passing of time. The animals that lived there had an abundance of food abundance of food, so they became more specialized in their diet, leading to the and giving way to the existence of so many species in these areas.
Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas (2011)
One of the reasons why the Yasuní National Park is so well known globally it is for being one of the most diverse places in the world. Here I know around 567 species of birds, 173 species of mammals, being 43% of all the species of mammals of Ecuador; It has 13 sp of primates, containing the 3 largest and most hunted primates, monkeys woolly monkeys (chorongos), spider monkeys (maquisapas) and howler monkeys (cotos), Around 105 sp of amphibians, 83 sp of reptiles and 382 sp of aquatic fish sweet, more than 100,000 species of insects per hectare.
The Yasuní protects about 40% of all the species of mammals in the Amazon basin and 90% of the mammals found in the Amazon Ecuadorian. This high percentage is remarkable considering that the 9,820 km2 of the park are a miniature compared to the 6,683,926 square kilometers that. It has the Amazon basin. The biodiversity of Yasuní is even greater if one takes into account that it is still hundreds of thousands of species new to science are yet to be discovered. There are no marked seasons or hibernation of species as in the areas temperate of the northern and southern hemispheres, although seasonality is observed that affects the rhythm of the biological processes of the species in a special.
Animal life is very diverse and includes adaptations to arboreal life in the different groups of animal life: mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians. Among mammals, the prehensile tail of primates is a good example of Adaptation to tree life.
A study carried out by USAID (2005), indicates that the most outstanding threats to the natural resources in YNP are natural resources in YNP are: deforestation, exploitation, agricultural and livestock techniques used by settlers from other regions that are not from other regions that are not very adaptable and sustainable to the fragility of the Amazonian the fragility of the Amazonian ecosystem and inadequate natural resource management natural resources that cause the degradation of soils, water, flora and fauna.
Another reason why Yasuni is so important is because the reserve is home to three large indigenous communities: the Waorani, Kichwa and Shuar. The reserve is also home to Ecuador’s last remaining peoples in voluntary isolation. There are two ancestral communities that have decided not to maintain contact with the people of the city: the Tagaeri and Taromenani, who are characterized by being brave warriors.
Coffee production is of great importance in this area, followed by corn, plantain, cocoa, rice, and with a much smaller cultivated area, bananas and cassava. Coffee and cacao are destined for agroindustry and export, while corn and rice are for self-consumption. The population also works in the tourism sector, mainly as tour guides and tour operators. Within Yasuní National Park, the Ishpingo Tambococha-Tiputini (ITT) field holds 18.3% of the country’s proven oil reserves. Oil exploitation is being monitored by the State in order to minimize impacts.
This park is characterized by a warm humid climate, with rainfall from April to July and the lowest rainfall from December to February. At present, tourist activity is concentrated outside the park. It is recommended to get vaccinated against yellow fever before entering the park. To enter the park you will have to do it from the city of Coca, where you can also find hotels and restaurant services. The routes to access the Yasuni National Park are by river, which you must access by the Napo River from the city of Coca, and to enter the interior of the park will have to take different routes of rivers that exist in this area as the Indillama River, Tiputini River, and the Yasuni River, when you are navigating through these rivers you can observe the wonderful flora and fauna that exists in this place.